Quiz

What is the primary function of glucagon?

A) Promoting glycogen synthesis

B) Inhibiting lipolysis

C) Stimulating insulin release

D) Elevating blood sugar levels

Which of the following inhibits the secretion of glucagon?

A) Insulin

B) Amylin

C) Somatostatin

D) All of the above

A patient with type 1 diabetes presents with recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia despite adjusting their insulin regimen appropriately. Which of the following hormones is primarily responsible for counteracting insulin's effects during hypoglycemia?

A) Glucagon

B) Amylin

C) Somatostatin

D) Cortisol

What effect does insulin have on glucagon release?

A) Increases glucagon release

B) Inhibits glucagon release

C) Has no effect on glucagon release

D) Modulates insulin sensitivity

What are the insulin-dependent glucose transporters in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue?

A) GLUT1

B) GLUT2

C) GLUT3

D) GLUT4

Which of the following is a function of insulin?

A) Promoting lipolysis in adipose tissue

B) Inhibiting glycogen synthesis

C) Increasing Na+ excretion by kidneys

D) Enhancing cellular uptake of K+ and amino acids

Which of the following glucose transporters is bidirectional and found in β islet cells?

A) GLUT1

B) GLUT2

C) GLUT3

D) GLUT4

What is the primary function of C-peptide in insulin synthesis?

A) Enhances insulin binding to receptors

B) Induces glucose uptake in cells

C) Facilitates insulin secretion

D) None of the above

Which of the following organs preferentially uses glucose and cannot use ketone bodies?

A) Brain

B) Liver

C) Skeletal muscle

D) Heart

A patient with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus presents with polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss. Laboratory tests show elevated blood glucose levels and decreased C-peptide levels. What is the most likely explanation for these findings?

A) Insulin resistance

B) Autoimmune destruction of β cells

C) Insulinoma

D) Progressive failure of pancreatic β cells